| |
The following papers are demonstrating the influence of the surface elasticity. Please note, that theses experiments are not done on the ESS surface or in ibidi chambers!
Tomasek, J. J. et al. Contraction of myofibroblasts in granulation tissue is dependent on Rho/Rho kinase/myosin light chain phosphatase activity. Wound Repair Regen 14, 313-20 (2006).
Hinz, B. & Gabbiani, G. Cell-matrix and cell-cell contacts of myofibroblasts: role in connective tissue remodeling. Thromb Haemost 90, 993-1002 (2003).
Goffin, J. M. et al. Focal adhesion size controls tension-dependent recruitment of alpha-smooth muscle actin to stress fibers. J Cell Biol 172, 259-68 (2006).
Yeung, T. et al. Effects of substrate stiff-ness on cell morphology, cytoskeletal structure, and adhesion. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 60, 24-34 (2005).
Discher, D. E., Janmey, P. & Wang, Y. L. Tissue cells feel and respond to the stiffness of their substrate. Science 310, 1139-43 (2005).
Georges, P. C., Miller, W. J., Meaney, D. F., Sawyer, E. S. & Janmey, P. A. Matrices with compliance comparable to that of brain tissue select neuronal over glial growth in mixed cortical cultures. Biophys J 90, 3012-8 (2006).
Engler, A. J. et al. Myotubes differentiate optimally on substrates with tissue-like stiffness: pathological implications for soft or stiff microenvironments. J Cell Biol 166, 877-87 (2004).
|
|
Special Surfaces
Instructions (PDF, 409 KB)
The growth, development, and signalling of adherent cells depends strongly on the properties of the used surface. Besides the surface tension (hydrophilic or hydrophobic) the charge of the surface (zeta potential), its polarity, roughness, and elasticity are important for cell growth and development. In addition to the physical attributes, different coatings (Collagen, Fibronectin, etc.), strongly influence the cell/surface interaction. The relationship between cell proliferation and surface properties is one of ibidi’s areas of research. For this reason, all surfaces offered by ibidi are extensively characterised.
Surface Tension
The surface tension of uncoated slides is around36mN/m (hydrophobic). This hydrophobic surface is not optimized for cell growth. However, such surfaces are optimal for coating with Collagen or Fibronectin. The surface tension of the ibiTreat Slides is higher than 82mN/m (hydrophilic), and comparable to normal cell-culture treated plastic lab-ware. Most cells are growing very reproducible on this surface. For coating with Poly-L-Lysine or Poly-D-Lysine, this surface is ideal. Collagen and Fibronectin surfaces have a surface tension between 66mN/m and 71mN/m, which is still hydrophobic but very close to a hydrophilic surface (>72mN/m).
Surface Roughness
All surfaces offered by ibidi are very smooth. As indicated in the AFM image, the roughness of the uncoated and ibiTreat surface is below 5nm. Using REM, the same data were measured. This smooth-ness of the surface is important to prevent scattering effects using visible light (300nm-700nm).
Surface Elasticity
Looking at the coefficient of elasticity (Young Module) the values of the uncoated and ibiTreat surfaces are higher than 1GPa. This is comparable to most plastics, used for cell culture. The Young Module of glass is around 70GPa and therefore higher than the Young Module for any biological material. The Young Module of mammalian cells (like muscle cells) is below 100kPa. So, under in vivo conditions most cells are in close contact to a smoother surface such as normal plastic or glass.
| surface |
tension mN/m |
elasticity |
roughness nm |
| ibiTreat |
ca. 80 |
> 1GPa |
1-3 |
| uncoated |
ca. 36 |
> 1GPa |
1-3 |
| elastic surface |
ca. 30 |
28 kPa |
- |
It is known that the surface elasticity has a major influence on cell proliferation, differentiation and function. Especially for smooth muscle cells, myo-blasts, myofibroblasts, neurons, glia cells, endothelial cells, or primary cancer cells the surface elasticity is an important parameter (see references below).
Elasticities of Cells and Tissue
| brain |
1 kPa |
| fibroblasts |
> 5 kPa |
| muscle cells |
10-30 kPa |
| bones |
100 kPa |
Together with Rudolf Merkel and Bernd Hoffmann (Forschungszentrum Jülich) an elastic surface for ‘in vivo like’ cell cultivation was developed. This 40µm highly elastic material is coated onto a 100µm thin glass cover slide. The whole bottom has a thickness of 140µm and a very high optical quality. The Young Module of the surface is 28kPa. Using this slide, called ESS 28kPa (= Elastically Supported Surface), it is possible to combine high-end microscopy (confocal, high resolution, fluorescence) with a close-to-nature environment.
To get information about the Zeta potential, the polarity of the ibidi surfaces as well as for elastically supported surfaces, please contact us.
elastic surfaces available on:
µ-Dish 35mm, high
| elastic surface ESS, 28 kPa, sterile* |
81191
|
| elastic surface ESS, 28 kPa coated (Collagen IV), sterile* |
81192 |
* available on request only
µ-Slide I
| elastic surface ESS, 28 kPa, sterile |
80141
|
| elastic surface ESS, 28 kPa coated (Collagen IV), sterile |
80142 |
|
